In the present study, an attempt was made to study and evaluate the structure of cardiac arrhythmias in men and women using septoplasty under general anesthesia. Among all types of cardiac arrhythmias, premature atrial complexes and premature ventricular complexes extrasystoles (PAC and PVC) were most often found and were detected in all patients. Atrial tachycardias (AT) in men were significantly more likely to occur in the periods before surgery, during and after it, than in women. PACs at night was significantly more common in women. Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) were significantly more common in women than in men. Moreover, PVCs in women were detected significantly more often in all periods of observation. ATs and VAs in men were significantly more common after surgery. VAs in women were significantly more likely to occur before surgery than after it. Thus, the results of the study showed that of the considered cardiac arrhythmias during septoplasty under general anesthesia much more frequently in men and women at all stages of the survey found PVCs, and the women of their significantly higher than in men. Cardiac arrhythmias (PAC and PVC) predominated mainly in the postoperative period with the exception of PVCs in women, which was higher in the preoperative period. Reducing the number of arrhythmias observed during operation, possibly due to the impact of drugs for general anaesthesia.