The growing incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases and the negative demographic situation in the Russian Federation determine the relevance of an in-depth study of the processes that cause negative trends in regional morbidity, the development of organizational and methodological measures and technologies to improve the quality of health care and increase the average life expectancy. The objective is to study the influence of the age factor and the availability of medical care on the changes in the morbidity of the urban population of the Republic of Tatarstan. We applied modern research methods such as bibliographic (content analysis), comparative, analytical, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, time series analysis, and assessing the significance of differences with p <0.05. The research material was data of Rosstat for 2006–2018. An absolute increase in the population in densely populated areas was established due to an increase in the number of children 0-14 years old and older persons. The availability of outpatient facilities and doctors and the increase in the number of primary healthcare cases contribute to an increase in the prevalence and incidence. A decrease in the proportion of people of working age leads to a dynamic growth in the proportion of people over 65 in the region. © 2021, Venezuelan Society of Pharmacology and Clinical and Therapeutic Pharmacology. All rights reserved.