Low-energy trajectories to the earth-moon libration points and to halo-orbits

The paper considers the problem of calculating the low-energy high-and low-thrust trajectories to the libration points of the Earth-Moon system and to the halo orbits. An approach for solving the problem is proposed. It consists in calculating stable manifolds of libration points or halo orbits and calculating impulsive or low-thrust trajectory from an initial circular earth orbit to a given point of this manifold. Numerical examples are given for the calculation of direct and low-energy trajectories to libration points and to halo orbits and the optimization of entry points to stable manifolds for low-energy trajectories. © 2021, Univelt Inc. All rights reserved.