Issues of diagnosis and management of patients with neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy

Neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown etiology, which develops in infancy and manifests as persistent tachypnea. Objective of the research: to summarize results of observations of patients with NEHI, including during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19). Materials and methods: clinical and follow-up observation, laboratory and instrumental examination, including lung biopsy, 52 children with NEHI aged from 21 days to 10 years. Results: NEHI more often affects boys in the first 6 months of life; can be diagnosed on the basis of pediatric ILD-syndrome detection; specific CT signs, lung biopsy. It is characterized by undulating course with increased respiratory failurec aused by acute respiratory viral infections, COVID-19; half of the patients need oxygen therapy. © 2020, Pediatria Ltd.. All rights reserved.