The relevance of the problem of obesity grows exponentially every year all over the world. Almost a half of the global adult population suffers from overweight or obesity. Today, the fact remains indisputable that obesity provides the basis for realization of a number of somatic polysystemic disease entities, including gynecological and carcinogenic ones. At the same time, the most strong is the correlation between overweight/obesity and proliferative diseases of the endometrium, such as endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. The prevalence rates of these disease entities continue to grow every year representing a “specular reflection” of global unfavorable changes/trends. The paper is aimed to assess current epidemiological situation for obesity and proliferative diseases of the endometrium, disclose the key pathogenetic links of those, and cover modern management of these disease entities involving the use of unique, innovative, complex solutions, including pharmacological ones. © 2025, LLC MMA MediaMedika. All rights reserved.