Towards Sustainable Economy: Boosting Financial Credit Risk Forecasting Using Bipolar Single-Valued Neutrosophic Graph Sets Approach

A neutrosophic set (NS) contains 3 modules such as the degree of truth (T), degree of falsity (F), and degree of indeterminacy (I). While fuzzy graphs (FG) occasionally fall short of providing optimum outcomes, the NS and neutrosophic graphs (NG) provide a strong substitute, which efficiently handles the uncertainties related to indeterminate and inconsistent data in real-life scenarios. Conversely, bipolar neutrosophic methods, which account for both negative and positive effects, deliver a more flexible and applicable technique. Financial crisis prediction (FCP) is inherent in the detection of major social and economic impacts that crises of financial might hold on a global measure. It generally outcomes in vast financial losses, redundancy, and losses in values of assets that lead to significantly affected individuals and businesses. In recent times, the credit risk prediction methods have aided businesses in resolving whether to award credit to users who applied. This paper presents the Financial Credit Risk Forecasting Using Bipolar Single-Valued Neutrosophic Graph Sets Approach (FCRF-BSVNGSA) method. The main intention of the FCRF-BSVNGSA method is to develop an effective method for financial credit risk prediction using advanced methods. At first, the data normalization stage utilizes Z-score normalization for converting the input data into a beneficial format. Furthermore, for the financial credit risk classification process, the proposed FCRF-BSVNGSA model employs the bipolar single-valued neutrosophic graphs (BSVNG) approach. Finally, the multi‐objective hippopotamus optimization (MOHO) approach fine-tunes the hyperparameter values of the BSVNG model optimally and results in superior classification performance. An extensive simulation of the FCRF-BSVNGSA approach is performed under the Statlog (German Credit Data) dataset. The experimental validation of the FCRF-BSVNGSA approach portrayed a superior accuracy value of 95.59% over exisitng techniques. © 2025, American Scientific Publishing Group (ASPG). All rights reserved.