In patients with breast cancer (BC), surgical treatment remains an integral and main component of therapy. Currently, more than 60% of breast reconstructions are performed using endoprostheses. Despite extensive experience in performing reconstructive plastic surgeries using endoprostheses in patients with breast cancer in terms of combined/complex treatment, the mechanisms of development of capsular contracture, methods of its prevention and treatment have not been fully studied. Capsular contracture is the most common and clinically significant complication in both aesthetic and reconstructive surgery for breast cancer, requiring reoperation in most cases. Currently, studies are being conducted to determine indications for the prevention and conservative treatment of capsular contractures. © 2024, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.