CLINICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS OF INTERFERONOPATHIES IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS WITH ATYPICAL CHRONIC ACTIVE HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS

Studying the peculiarities of functioning, identifying dysregulatory disorders in the interferon system, as one of the most important components of the antiviral protection system, in patients with ACA-HVI is necessary for understanding the molecular mechanisms of immunopathogenesis and creating the basis for personalized targeted immunotherapy programs, with the subsequent development of laboratory criteria for assessing their effectiveness. Aim. studying the functioning characteristics of the IFN system in patients suffering from ACA-HVI with the possibility of subsequent laboratory assessment of the effectiveness of personalized interferon and immunotropic therapy programs. Material and methods. Under our supervision at the Medsi on Belorusskaya CDC (Moscow) there were 56 patients of both sexes aged 18 to 70 years suffering from ACA-HVI (SG). The comparison group (CG) consisted of 30 conditionally healthy subjects comparable in sex and age to SG patients. In addition to traditional methods (collection of complaints, history, examination, hemogram, etc.), the examination program used methods of serodiagnosis (detection of HVI and determination of serum IFN level, spontaneous and induced IFNα production and IFNγ by ELISA); molecular genetic studies (PCR-RT – for detecting the genome of viruses in biomaterials). The study was approved by the ethics committee, and all patients received informed consent to participate in the study. Statistical analysis is carried out using adequate methods of statistical research. Results. All patients with ACA-HVI showed various defects in the functioning of the interferon system (interferonopathy): showed a significant decrease in serum IFNα by 1.6 times in 100.0% of patients with CG and IFNγ by 0.8 times in 87.3%, a decrease in induced IFNα production by 4, 7 times was recorded in 100.0% of cases, while a decrease in induced IFNγ production by 5.5 times was recorded in 48.0%. The obtained results indicate the developed imbalance in the IFN system against the background of the atypical chronic active course of the viral process. Conclusion: Determination of the concentration of serum IFNα and IFNγ, as well as spontaneous and induced production of IFNα and IFNγ in patients with ACA-HVI can be used in clinical laboratory diagnostics to detection of interferonopathies, as well as to choose the tactics of immunomodulatory therapy in these patients. © 2023, Klinichescheskaya Laboratornaya Diagnostika. All rights reserved.