LANGUAGE CONTACTS AND TRANSCULTURAL PRACTICES: FROM IDEA TO HYPOTHESIS; [ЯЗЫКОВЫЕ КОНТАКТЫ И ТРАНСКУЛЬТУРНЫЕ ПРАКТИКИ: ОТ ИДЕИ К ГИПОТЕЗЕ]

The article describes the developments of the actual problems of modern linguistics related to the study of the phenomenon of bilingualism and transcultural practices in the domestic linguistics of the 21st century. A historiographical review has shown that productive ideas in this direction originated in the works by L. V. Shcherba and B. A. Larin, but did not receive wide applied dissemination at that time. The authors of the article consider new trends in the field of modern theory and practice of language contacts and bilingualism, show how the study and interpretation of transcultural literature affects the formation of new ideas and the substantiation of hypotheses. Scientists pay attention to the importance of studying minority languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation for establishing markers of language contacts, as well as analyzing the speech practices of migrants. In characterizing the ideas of modern linguists emphasis is placed on the fact of mediation in intercultural communication and the specifics of translingual processes in the post-Soviet space. It is pointed out the need to develop issues of survival of small languages and create conditions for their successful functioning (contact bilingualism of the Republic of Khakasia, bilingualism in Kazakh families, diglossia of Slavic countries, features of interethnic communication of the peoples of Russia and the problem of their linguistic identity). The strategies of modern language policy are evaluated – new vectors of movement and development of peoples in the context of the development of the cultural space of another language, sociolinguistic prerequisites for the convergence and separation of minority languages, etc. The practical significance of the article lies in the use of modern methodology of bilingualism to solve urgent problems of language construction. The presented materials and assessments will contribute to the promotion of fresh ideas for the preservation of indigenous languages, show original approaches to the analysis of cultural identity, pay attention scientists to the timeliness of studying transcultural literary texts and hypotheses in the field of language contacts for the formation of national archetypes and new socio-cultural codes within the framework of a whole polyethnic space of the Russian Federation. © 2023 The authors.