The reviewed monograph introduces to the fundamental research by the international team of authors, published by the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The review characterizes this study and its place among other works devoted to the history of the emergence and the main milestones of the formation of the Trotskyist movement in Latin America. It is about the first stages of its development, so called “heroic period” of the 1930s. The reader can get acquainted with the historical stages of the global formation of Trotskyism, including its streams in some states of the region, and assess the ideological and political atmosphere and discussions within the international left movement of that time. © 2023, Institute of Latin American Studies. All rights reserved.