Body composition, physical and mental health of overweight females

The increase in the prevalence of overweight (OW) and obesity, which are among the main causes of the loss of healthy years of life in the Russian Federation, makes this problem relevant and indicates the need to search for new approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Objective. To study the features of the body composition, physical and mental health in females with OW of varying degrees. Material and methods. The study included 251 females (mean age was 47.2 years). All subjects underwent a standard anthropo-metric examination, as well as an assessment of body composition. Bioimpedance measurements were carried out using an ABC-01 Medass analyzer. Physical and mental health indicators were assessed using the Short Form Medical Outcomes Study (SF-36). Results. OW with obesity was found in 67.6% of subjects, obesity — in 34.7%. The fat mass accounts for 27.6% of body mass in females with normal BW, 35.5% in overweight females and 42.4% in obese females. The fat mass index in obesity was 15.1 (14.6— 15.6), and in normal BW, it was 6.2 (5.7—6.8); fat-free BW index — 20.1 (19.8—20.4) and 15.9 (15.6—16.2), respectively. In females with normal BW, the ratio of extracellular and intracellular fluid was 0.715 (0.710—0.721), which is statistically significantly lower compared to subjects with overweight (0.727 (0.722—0.732), p<0.01) and obesity (0.759 (0.752—0.766), p<0.001). In normal BW, the probability of developing metabolic syndrome (OR of metabolic syndrome against% of body fat mass) was 1.6 (1.3— 1.9), in OW 5.7 (4.9—6.5), in obesity 20.9 (17.3—24.6), which is statistically significantly higher compared to both normal BW and OW (p<0.001 in all cases). Conclusion. Analysis of the body composition helps identify changes that increase the cardiac and metabolic risk associated with the fat deposit. The obtained data on the risk of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome contribute to preventive mea-sures (correction of diet and lifestyle) to improve the health status of overweight and obese females. © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.