The purpose of the chapter is to find out the current issues and tendencies of TNCs and to compare theoretical aspects with practical issues. The authors underline that the theoretical approaches to capitalism, its progress and transition to imperialism with determined characteristics, is actual today too. TNCs as the meaningful subjects of the global economy are the logical result of capitalist development. Monopolization of producers is the result of capital growth, output growth, competitiveness and free trade. It is noticed that the economic papers, and in particular, economic papers of Lenin are actual today too. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.