КОНЦЕПЦИЯ НЕООСМАНИЗМА КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ "МЯГКОЙ СИЛЫ" ВНЕШНЕЙ ПОЛИТИКИ ТУРЦИИ

В работах специалистов, занимающихся изучением внешней политики современной Турции, все чаще можно встретить термин «неоосманизм», который трактуют как концепцию, отражающую необходимость продолжения традиций ушедшей в прошлое Османской империи. В статье раскрывается сущность этой концепции, которая в период правления Партии справедливости и развития (ПСР) представляет собой инструмент «мягкой силы» и способ достижения внешнеполитических целей. Анализируется нынешний этап взаимодействия Турции с ближневосточными странами и странами постсоветского пространства с тюркоговорящим населением; выявляется практическая значимость концепции «стратегической глубины» экс-главы МИД Турции А.Давутоглу. В качестве вывода неоосманизм представляется как политическая идеология современной Турции.

THE CONCEPT OF NEO-OTTOMANISM AS AN INSTRUMENT OF "SOFT POWER" OF THE FOREIGN POLICY OF TURKEY

In the works of specialists engaged in studying the foreign policy of modern Turkey, the term «neo-Ottomanism» is increasingly being found, which is interpreted as a concept reflecting the need to continue the traditions of the bygone Ottoman Empire. The authors analyze the historical aspect of the concept of neo-Ottomanism. The reign of Abdul Hamid II, who carried out social reforms aimed at improving, in particular, education sphere, is pointed out. One of the stages in the development of neo-Ottoman vision is the concept of panturkism, which was the idea of common ethnic origin of all Turkic peoples as well as establishing a state of Great Turan. The article reveals the essence of this concept, which is presented as an instrument of «soft power» and a way of achieving foreign policy goals during the rule of the Justice and Development Party. It is made a comparison between the foreign policies of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey. The practical significance of the concept of «Strategic Depth» by the former Foreign Minister of Turkey A.Davutoglu is pointed out. A.Davutoglu mentioned that Turkey occupied an advantageous geopolitical and geo-economic position, being at thejunction of East and West. In this regard, Turkey should make maximum use of benefits, being aware of its strategic importance for both regional and external actors. Turkey's relations with the countries of the Middle East are touched upon, the characteristics of them are evaluated.