The article examines the evolution of Russian signs of wounds in the XX and XXI centuries within three historical periods: pre-revolutionary, Soviet and Federal. The research urgency is caused by increasing interest in the Russian premium system as a whole (the work of E. V. Trofimova, A. V. Shapatava, S. Vahora and others) and signs of injury in particular (N. N. Bordunov, V. M. Tsarenko, A. V. Pecheikin and others), as well as the increased prestige of service in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation. The article is based on the historical review of M. V. Tsarenko and official documents regulating the status of the differences under consideration. © 2020, Rossiiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Institut Istorii (Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of General Hist. All rights reserved.