Methods of prevention and treatment of alveolar osteitis

Alveolar osteitis is an infectious complication after tooth extraction. They appear in two forms: serous, characterized by pain syndrome and decayed clot, purulent, which is identified by provoked pain and filling of alveoli, and chronic hypertrophic, in which body temperature decreases and general well-being improves. Aim. To explore different methods of preventing and treating alveolar osteitis. Alveolar osteitis usually occurs more frequently in young adults between the ages of 30 and 50 and is slightly more common in women than in men. Treatment methods for dry socket are quite limited, but there are a large number of drugs for treatment: eugenol-based drugs, chlorhexidine, antibiotics, analgesics and local anesthetics, enzymes, hemostatic agents, hormonal agents soaked in collagen sponges, pastes, gels, turundas, preparations based on biopolymers such as chitosan, and platelet-rich plasma. Many researchers are trying to find an effective method of prevention. Nevertheless, this issue remains controversial, since a universal prescription has not been found. Antibiotics, chlorhexidine, eugenol-containing dressings, steroids, antifibrinolytics, biodegradable polymers, topical hemostatics, cellulose sponge, PRP and PRF, dextranomer granules are used for prevention. Alveolar osteitis is one of the most unpleasant and serious complications after tooth extraction, leading to the following consequences: abscess, phlegmon, odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, periostitis, osteomyelitis, sepsis. This fact indicates the need to improve the existing methods of prevention and treatment of dry socket. © 2022, Endo Press LLC. All rights reserved.