COMPARISON OF NOUNS IN THE COMPARED LANGUAGES (ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN)

The paper forms the aim of conducting an analysis of nouns at the theoretical and practical levels in English and Russian. The key methods used in the research are the method of linguistic observation and description, and also a contrastive method. The key objective of the theoretical analysis of the article is based on the comparative analysis of singular and plural nouns defined using morphemes and inflections, as well as general orientation. The article uncovers the problem of a noun which is a part of speech used to refer to people, animals, objects, substances, States, events, and feelings. Today a noun is a part of speech used to refer to people, animals, objects, substances, states, events, and feelings. A noun in English can be either a subject or a complement. A noun in English can be preceded by an adjective, article, or other defining word. A noun in Russian is a part of speech that denotes an object. The findings of the paper are formed according to the main aspects of the influence of the numerical meaning of nouns. It displays the historical connotation of nouns that currently have plural forms, whereas previously they took on a singular form in both English and Russian. Comparative analysis of abstract nouns in English and Russian allows us to display the real choice of the number of nouns by modern linguists in favor of both Singularia Tantum and Pluralia Tantum, that is, nouns whose number does not change. The main objective of the empirical part of the article is to identify the key grammatical differences between nouns based on the text of O. Henry's “The chief of the Redskins” (1910) and its translation. The key findings are formed according to the identification of a fact that in the given text, most of the nouns are singular in the general case, which correspond to the singular forms of the nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental and prepositional cases of the Russian language. The relationship between the singular forms of the common case in English and the plural of the nominative, genitive, dative, and accusative cases in Russian is of interest.