Efficacy of azoximer bromide in the treatment of hospitalized patients with moderate to severe community-acquired pneumonia

Introduction. The high incidence of community-acquired pneumonia and the high complication rates in the cases of severe pneumonia actualize the search for new pharmacotherapy tools to improve the effectiveness of standard patient management regimens. A high level of severe inflammatory response underlies the high risk for developing septic complications of pneumonia, along with impaired immune responses. The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of azoximer bromide introduction in the combination therapy regimen for hospitalized patients with moderate to severe community-acquired pneumonia. Materials and methods. A prospective, open label, parallel group, randomized study comparing the efficacy of azoximer bromide introduction in the combination therapy of hospitalized patients with moderate to severe community-acquired pneumonia was conducted at the premises of Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Reanimatology and Rehabilitation. 30 patients were included in the study group and 37 patients in the comparator group. The baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups. Results. The azoximer bromide introduction in the combination therapy of patients with community-acquired pneumonia led to a statistically significant reduction in the duration of hospital stay (Me (LQ; HQ): 9 (8; 10) days for the study group and 13 (10; 14) days for the comparator group, (p = 0.000078), duration of ICU stay (Me (LQ; HQ) 2 days (1.5; 2.5) and 5 days (5.0; 6.0), respectively, (p = 0.00001), the duration of febrile fever 5 (± 0.6) days versus 10 (± 1.2) days (p = 0.0000), the incidence of acute respiratory failure (13.33% in group 1 versus 37.84% in group 2, p = 0.024) and septic shock (10% in group 1 versus 32.43% in group 2, p = 0.0285). Conclusions. The azoximer bromide introduction in the standard therapy regimen for patients with community-acquired pneumonia allowed to reduce the duration of hospital stay, the duration of ICU stay, the length of febrile fever, the incidence of septic shock and respiratory failure. The possible mechanisms of action may include a reduction of the severe inflammatory reactions and an optimization of the patient’s immune response to the infectious process. © 2021, Remedium Group Ltd. All rights reserved.