Modeling of vertical handover from LTE to a cognitive network

The Vertical handover delay is a key performance index for making a decision about vertical handover (VHO) from the LTE network to the target IEEE 802.22 network with an existing IP-address. The application of the IEEE 802.22 standard for wireless regional area network (WRAN) is actual in low population density areas, or in emergencies, or when using of other standards are impossible. The IEEE 802.22 standard is the first standard of cognitive radio, which has the status of international standard. The IEEE 802.22 standard uses so-called «white spaces» in the television (TV) frequency spectrum from 410 MHz to 862 MHz. The paper compares two switching procedures for vertical handover: with the saving of the IP-address and without saving. We used a multistage queueing system with background traffic for the analysis. © 2019 Author(s).