The analytical article focuses on the data concerning duration of anticoagulation treatment in acute coronary syndrome patients. The information provided on the evidence for impossibility of widespread usage of vitamin K antagonists in acute coronary syndrome — the novel selective oral anticoagulants that differ from rivaroxaban. The main evidence is showed for efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in acute coronary syndrome, conditions of its application and fundamentals for dosage selection as 2,5 mg two times per day. European and Russian Guidelines are presented that permit usage of rivaroxaban in acute coronary syndrome. © Russian Journal of Cardiology.