The article examines the experience of developed and developing countries in structural and technological modernization of the economy through innovative means of strategic management and specialized programs - "Nouvelle France Industrielle" in France, "Industrie 4.0" in Germany, "Made in China 2025" in China, and "Make in India" in India. These programs focus on implementing fundamental structural changes and achieving concrete results in the medium and long term. It is indicative that the share of high-tech exports is growing rapidly in countries under consideration. The tasks set in such smart re-industrialization programs are highly relevant to the Russian economy and deserve careful consideration and adaptation. © 2019.