There is a need to address two strategic objectives in the Russian context: the construction of a socially-oriented market economy and the transition from an industrial to a postindustrial, mostly innovative, path of development. Obviously, without achieving a balance between economic efficiency and social justice, their solution is impossible. The aim of this research is the scientific substantiation of a set of theoretical and methodological provisions that broaden the notion of the essence of social investment and formation on their basis of a methodical apparatus for managing social investment in corporations. When analyzing the organizational mechanism for managing social investment in corporation, the authors used: the principles and methods of obtaining knowledge, comparison, and classification, as well as the main principles of methodology (certainty, development, and objectivity). Practical interest is focused on the specification of the concept and types of social investments, on the identification of the features of approaches and procedures for making management decisions in the process of social investment in companies, and on the need to identify and specify the set of indicators that affect the effectiveness of social investment.