The research is devoted to the study of the features of implementation and development prospects of the Belt and Road Initiative. Emphasis is placed on the history of the project, the stages of its implementation in China. Special attention is paid to Russo-Chinese economic cooperation, as well as the prospects for its implementation, considering the operation of sanctions regimes. The author describes the impact of the projects’ implementation on the Russian and Chinese economies and foreign policy. Special attention is paid to factors of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The risks and opportunities for Russia associated with the projects’ implementation are also examined. When studying the problem, the following conclusions were made regarding the current international agenda. Russia and China are actively developing investment cooperation in the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative, including the Silk Road Fund. The main examples of cooperation are the economy, processing and transporting utilities. The global task is to acquire economic stability in the region and at the same time gain maximum economic and political independence from the global political conjuncture). © 2022 selection and editorial matter, Konstantin P. Kurylev.