The article discusses regional features of the formation and development of national innovation systems (NIS), technology transfer systems of the Asian region’s technology leaders. The authors analyze the innovation and technological systems of countries that occupy leading positions according to the Global Innovation Index (GII). In the work, the authors use a systematic approach, comparative and statistical analysis. The article identifies the conditions for interaction of institutional structures (state, fields of science and education, industry) in the process of technological transfer. Based on the analysis, the authors conclude that regional leaders are looking for ways to increase the effectiveness of the innovation component, transfer technologies, and the formation of an organizational system aimed at ensuring the process of obtaining and implementing the results of research and development. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.