Repurposing Based Identification of Novel Inhibitors against MmpS5-MmpL5 Efflux Pump of Mycobacterium smegmatis: A Combined In Silico and In Vitro Study

In the current era of a pandemic, infections of COVID-19 and Tuberculosis (TB) enhance the detrimental effects of both diseases in suffering individuals. The resistance mechanisms evolv-ing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are limiting the efficiency of current therapeutic measures and pressurizing the stressed medical infrastructures. The bacterial efflux pumps enable the development of resistance against recently approved drugs such as bedaquiline and clofazimine. Conse-quently, the MmpS5-MmpL5 protein system was selected because of its role in efflux pumping of anti-TB drugs. The MmpS5-MmpL5 systems of Mycobacterium smegmatis were modelled and the virtual screening was performed using an ASINEX library of 5968 anti-bacterial compounds. The inhibitors with the highest binding affinities and QSAR based highest predicted inhibitory concen-tration were selected. The MmpS5-MmpL5 associated systems with BDE_26593610 and BDD_27860195 showed highest inhibitory parameters. These were subjected to 100 ns Molecular Dynamics simulations and provided the validation regarding the interaction studies. The in vitro studies demonstrated that the BDE_26593610 and BDD_27860195 can be considered as active inhib-itors for M. smegmatis MmpS5-MmpL5. The outcomes of this study can be utilized in other experi-mentation aimed at drug design and discovery against the drug resistance strains of M. tuberculosis. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Авторы
Shahbaaz M.1 , Maslov D.A.2 , Vatlin A.A. 2, 3 , Danilenko V.N. 2 , Grishina M.4 , Christoffels A.1, 5
Журнал
Издательство
MDPI AG
Номер выпуска
2
Язык
Английский
Статус
Опубликовано
Номер
333
Том
10
Год
2022
Организации
  • 1 South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa
  • 2 Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation
  • 3 Institute of Ecology, Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
  • 4 Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, P. Lenina 76, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russian Federation
  • 5 Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Headquarters, Addis Ababa, W21K19, Ethiopia
Ключевые слова
Drug resistance; MmpS5-MmpL5 efflux pumps; Molecular dynamics simulations; QSAR; Tuberculosis; Virtual screening
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