In this study, we've evaluated the myelotoxic effect of treating Walker-256 carcinoma with cytostatics, followed by correction of thrombocytopenia with liposomal and liposome-free mexidol. The study included 60 rats, which, depending on the type of treatment, were divided into 5 groups. We recorded the greatest increase in the number of platelets on the background of liposomal mexidol both on the 3rd and 7th day after the start of chemotherapy. At the end of the monitoring, the myeloprotective effect was 30% higher in the liposomal mexidol compared to its non-liposomal form. CONCLUSION: Activation of thrombocytopoiesis on the background of cytostatic therapy helps to reduce the complications related to the use of chemotherapy.