The «bronchiolitis» unites a heterogeneous group of diseases of inflammatory nature, the anatomical substrate of which are Airways without cartilage wall-bronchioles. Despite the etiological diversity of bronchiolitis, pathomorphological they manifest a certain set of changes in the lung tissue. This determines the similarity of visualization of different types of bronchiolitis during computed tomography of the chest. The key to successful diagnosis of bronchiolitis is a clear understanding of the definition of this pathology and a comprehensive analysis by a Clinician of anamnestic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data. In this article, we will consider three types of cellular bronchiolitis, which are combined by imaging on computed tomography of the chest pattern «tree in the kidneys»: infectious, aspiration bronchiolitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis. Copyright: © 2021 Gultyaeva et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the License Agreement with Saint Petersburg State University, which permits to the authors unrestricted distribution, and self-archiving free of charge.