Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients with tuberculosis and HIV

Tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is the development or progression of tuberculosis associated with restoration of active immune response to mycobacteria following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIVinfected patients. The incidence of TB-IRIS is 18% with mortality reaching 2%. Investigation of TB-IRIS in Russia is very important, since the prevalence of TB coinfection is common among HIV-infected patients; in addition to that, HIV is often detected at late stages characterized by severe immunosuppression, which increases the risk of TB-IRIS. This review focuses on single-nucleotide polymorphisms and some other genetic factors associated with an increased risk of TB-IRIS. © 2021, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.