The article provides a detailed analysis of the Indonesian Department of Foreign Affairs (Deplu) reform in 2001—2009. The authors examine the connection between the fundamental Reformasi period political transformations and internal reforms of the foreign ministry and in Indonesia after the fall of the Suharto regime. The Deplu at the new historical stage faced the task of completely transforming both the ideological foundations and the internal mechanisms of the Indonesian diplomacy institution’s functioning. Today, the reform is considered one of the success factors for contemporary Indonesian foreign policy and the foundation for strengthening Indonesian regional and global role. © 2021, Rossiiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Institut Istorii (Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of General Hist. All rights reserved.