Legal aspects of encouraging and enforcing eco-friendly behavior in the transport sector

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of environmental protection at the present time. Each country takes all possible measures to protect the environment, minimize the sources of its pollution, and encourage eco-friendly behavior of organizations and individuals on its territory. At the same time, one of the main sources of pollution is the transport sector. The paper was prepared using both general scientific and special legal methods and is devoted to the analysis of legal measures applied by different countries to encourage eco-friendly behavior in this area. The research is based on extensive scientific and regulatory material. As a result of the research, it was concluded that at present, in addition to existing measures of legal liability for environmental damage, countries are widely implementing various mechanisms to encourage eco-friendly behavior, including both tax and non-tax measures, which are increasingly proving their reasonableness and effectiveness. The paper considers the experience of Russia, the United States, the European Union as a whole and some of its member states (Italy, Spain, France, Belgium, Sweden), and Japan, including their measures to promote "environmentally friendly"vehicles on the market and encourage energy savings. Based on the conducted research, the necessity of step-by-step harmonization of Russian legislation with international requirements in the field of transport ecology is justified. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.