The constant growth of migration conceals anumber of challenges for the capital of Russia. In thisregard, the problems of conflict-free, comfortable socio-cultural adaptation of external migrants are highlighted,among which the share of citizens not only from theCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries,but also from the far abroad (especially the countries ofthe Asia-Pacific region, including Vietnam) is rapidlygrowing. They do not know Russian, as well as theRussian cultural traditions, well. It is obvious that theeffective adaptation of external migrants to a new socio-cultural environment is systematically linked to theeconomic and legal security of the city, with the reductionand prevention of ethnic and confessional tension in theinterethnic relations between the city's natives and itsguests, with the preservation and development of a specialMoscow identity.