THE NOTION OF COMMUNICATIVE TYPE IN MODERN LINGUISTICS

Nowadays, modern linguists are deeply interested in the study of linguopersonology. V.I. Karasik, O.A. Dmitrieva, N.D. Golev, E.V. Dzyuba, E.A. Dzhenkova and others have chosen linguopersonology as the subject of their study. The usage of the communicative aspect in the research paradigm has inevitably led to the expansion of the concept of linguistic personality. Therefore, linguists have come to the conclusion that it is necessary to consider the linguistic personality through a wide range of factors: mental, psychological, pragmatic, etc., which are manifested in discursive strategies and implemented by the speaker during the communication. It is in the discourse that a person's national, cultural, professional, age, gender and other features are manifested. The purpose of this study is to find out the definition of the notion “communicative type” and to identify the difference between communicative and linguocultural types. The study reveals several differences between the “linguocultural”, “sociocultural” and “communicative” types including the irrelevance of the social and ethnic features of a discourse personality (such as appearance, gender, origin, domicile, occupation, leisure time, marital status, environment, lifestyle, communicative features, precedent name and situation) for the communicative type. We follow the methodology of studying the communicative type proposed by N.N. Panchenko, which includes: a) revealing and analysis of the conceptual content of the corresponding concept in the system of related concepts; b) identifying its image and evaluative characteristics; c) analyzing the contexts which describe a particular communicative type; d) analyzing the discourse features of the communicative type. In this study, we consider the “communicative type”, disregarding social and ethnic characteristics, based on the definition in which the communicative type is understood as a typical representative of a group of communicative personalities, united by common features of communicative behavior. This type of personality basically does not depend on ethnic and social characteristics and is displayed exclusively in the specifics of communicative behavior. In other words, a communicative type is a variety of concept, which contains a generalized idea of the typical characteristics of a particular communicative personality.