PRINCIPLES OF HIGHER EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN WORKS OF RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHERS AND SCIENTISTS OF 20TH CENTURY

Introduction: the article is devoted to research of higher education various aspects, results of its recognition in national scientific and philosophical thought of 20th century are presented, connection with common European trends of higher school is detected. Views of popular Russian philosophers and scientists who made their contribution into ideologic basis and principles of University education in Russia in 20th century are considered. Materials and methods: Methods are based on research traditions of humane knowledge: philosophical-anthropologic approach to problems of human existence, comparative method of educational problems consideration in connection with various cultural and historical contexts of human existence development, comparative-historical method. Besides that phenomenological and hermeneutic research methods are reflected. Basis, contents, goals and targets of educational system including University education and connection of education with actual inquiries of contemporary human being and society are detected and philosophically comprehended. Results of research: It is presented in the article that major approaches to education and results of its comprehension by Russian thinkers comprise content unity and resonate with actual problems of its structure and contents in terms of modern world including Russian reality. Therefore the idea of necessity of optimal combination of natural scientific, special and philosophical knowledge in educational system is substantiated. Such approach allows to develop education in terms of humanitarian values, facilitates the formation of morally and spiritually oriented and socially responsible personality of the specialist, exercising reasonable world view. Discussion and conclusion: received results may be used in order to exercising the principles of higher education development in terms of contemporary challenges basing on principle of succession and keeping the greatest cultural traditions, and also for strategical planning of University educational programs.