COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF METHODS FOR CREATING TRANSGENIC PLANTS OF SOFT WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.), RESISTANT TO ABIOTIC FACTORS

One of the most effective, and in some cases the only way to increase the tolerance of plant organisms to stress, is genetic engineering. Transformation of plant organisms allows the use of a wide range of genes to create transgenic plants that acquire pre-planned properties of resistance to adverse factors (Gaponenko et al ., 2018). The purpose of this work is to compare the effectiveness of methods for creating transgenic plants of soft wheat ( Triticum aestivum L) that are resistant to abiotic factors on the example of spring varieties: Lubava, Agata, Zlata and Ester. As a result of this work, it was concluded that the most effective method of transformation using silver, copper and growth regulator is piclorama. Its content in the induction environment significantly increases the regenerative capacity. When transformed using transcription factors, wheat can be obtained which is tolerant to salinity and the time of cultivation on the nutrient substrate, auxin and its concentration, has a significant impact on the ability of cultured tissues and cells to regenerate many times, which is especially important when ballistic introduction of genes. Index Terms: 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid IAA Indolyl-3-acetic acid PIG particleinflowgun NUK 1 - naphthylacetic acid PPT phosphinotricin MS Murashige and Skoog culture medium B5 the name of the culture medium of Hamburg, in the context of the use of vitamins in Hamburg NMC non-morphogenic callus MK morphogenetic callus UPOV The International Union for the New Varieties of Plant