Contrast-induced acute kidney injury after primary percutaneous coronary interventions: Prevalence, predictive factors, and outcomes

Aim: To study the incidence, severity, predictive factors, and prognostic value of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) in patients with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (STSEACS), who have undergone primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Subjects and methods: The 2012 KDIGO criteria were used to estimate the incidence of CIAKI in 216 patients (mean age, 64±13 years) admitted to Moscow City Clinical Hospital Sixty-Four and underwent primary PCI for STSEACS (hypertension in 90%, prior myocardial infarction in 27%, chronic kidney disease in 7%, type 2 diabetes mellitus in 21%). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictive factors for CIAKI; following 12 months, its prognosis was assessed by phone. Results: Forty-three (20%) patients were diagnosed with Stages I (81%) and II (19%) CIAKI. The patients with CIAKI were older; they had higher baseline serum creatinine levels, a higher volume of contrast agent, a higher ratio of contrast medium volume to glomerular filtration rate, and lower left ventricular ejection fraction. Independent predictive factors for CIAKI were identified; these were chronic kidney disease, multivascular injury in the coronary bed, hospital therapy with loop diuretics, nephrotoxic antibiotics, or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Conclusion: The development of CIAKI is associated with poor outcomes, such as higher 30-day mortality and more frequent cardiovascular disease readmissions.