Having started at the universal level with the idea of protecting lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transgenders and intersex persons (LGBTI) from violent acts of discrimination, the United Nations Organization (UN) has quietly moved to propagating LGBTI way of life as normal and entitled even to family rights. The Council of Europe (CoE) is committed to promote and ensure respect for the human rights and dignity of every individual. The CoE has adopted a number of texts on combating discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation. The article considers the contemporary stance of the UN and CoE law in respect of traditional values and human rights of LGBTI. It also reveals the role of the Russian Federation in promoting the protection of traditional values, among which the primary significance belongs to the concept of traditional family. The paper consists of introduction, literature and methodology review, discussion parts elaborating on human rights of LGBTI and traditional values, respectively, illustrating the arguments and conclusions of the authors and the part, devoted to the efforts and activities undertaken by Russia in the sphere under discussion as one of the key states contesting against the promotion of human rights of LGBTI at the expense of traditional values’ protection. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved.