The State Armaments Programme (SAP) is a set of industrial, military, political, economic and financial measures aimed at the increase in the country’s defense capacity. The subject of economic analysis of this article is the SAP-2020 adopted in December 2010 and covers a period from 2011 to 2020 which is now at the final stage of its implementation. On studying the SAP-2020 the authors revealed such key indicators as economic viability and financial efficiency of programme implementation. A comparative analysis of budget funding of the similar US programme was conducted and statistical data supporting the main findings of the study were introduced. The authors used a wide range of methodological tools in the course of the study. The method of economic analysis, the method of structural analysis, the statistical method and the method of mathematical comparison were used. © 2018 International Strategic Management Association. All Rights Reserved.