Modern technologies of ornamental plants cultivation in vertical structures

The history, the methods and general principles of vertical gardening, green walls, phytowalls, living walls are reviewed. These methods have been implemented using the latest designs and technologies of Russian and foreign companies. The application of new technologies for green walls construction is considered. Two fundamentally different technologies of green walls are compared and analyzed. The problems of aesthetic, ecological and rationalization character are discussed. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019.