Immunophenotypic characteristics of mast cells in non-metastatic seminoma

Germ cell tumors are rare testicular neoplasms that occur in young men, and their proportion is 2%. Pathological changes in the immune landscape of seminoma — the interaction of mast cells, T-, B-lymphocytes and macrophages with atypical spermatogenic cells, possibly impart a certain uniqueness to seminoma, and their number determines the stage of tumor growth. At the same time, the question of the participation of mast cells in the progression of seminoma remains debatable. Objective. Immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in non-metastatic seminoma. Material and methods. According to anamnestic and clinical-morphological data, the following groups were formed: Group I (n=73; age 20—53 years) — seminomas, according to the pTNM classification: subgroup Ia — T1N0M0 (n=31); Ib subgroup — T2N0M0 (n=42). II group — comparison (n=21, age 20—53 years) — intact testicles. Histochemical (Toluidine blue) and immunohistochemical (antibodies to Tryptase, Chymase and CPA3) research methods were used. Results. Based on the conducted histochemical reactions, it was found that mature mast cells predominate in seminoma, and their number is directly proportional to the pTNM stage. In immunohistochemical analysis of mast cells, we also observed a quantitative change in specific proteases, especially Tryptase, depending on the pTNM stage of seminoma, towards their decrease. Conclusion. Immunophenotypic distribution of secretome granules indicates a decrease in the number of Tryptase-, Chymaseand CPA3-mast cells, which is inversely proportional to the pTNM stage of non-metastatic seminoma. © 2025, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.