In 2024 Brazil and China are celebrating the 50th anniversary of their diplomatic relations restoration, sparking a renewed interest for China in this Latin American country. The researchers chiefly give heed to the economic ties between the two countries. The present article holds a comparative analysis of Brazil-China relations as a whole, taking into account both political and economic partnership over the period from the 1980s until 2024. Making use of quantitative methods, the authors take up the high-level state visits, changes in political agenda and approaches, bilateral agreements, and other kind of strategic documents. They analysed export and import data, and strain to find out potential fields that could broaden the future relationship between the two nations. The authors gather that Brazil gets out a lot of profits from its strategic partnership with China. But it‘s also clear that Brazil has become a sheer supplier of raw materials to the Chinese economy and is being increasingly dependent on its Asian partner. © (2024), (Institute of Latin American Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences). All rights reserved.