Chemical diversity of pyrrolobenzazepine derivatives with a nodal nitrogen atom

Five-, six- and seven-membered carbo- and heterocycles are widespread in nature, and their tricyclic combinations can form a broad spectrum of complex molecules exhibiting unique properties. In the present review we have covered the known synthetic approaches towards tricyclic pyrrolobenzazepine derivatives with a nodal nitrogen atom and described some of their biological activities. Herein, we present systematized information on four skeletally isomeric scaffolds: pyrrolo[2,1-b][3]benzazepines, pyrrolo[1,2-b][2]benzazepines, pyrrolo[2,1-a][2]benzazepines, and pyrrolo[1,2-a][1]benzazepines. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd