New approaches to allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT): development of a recombinant vaccine against birch pollen allergy; [Новые подходы к аллерген-специфической иммунотерапии (АСИТ): разработка рекомбинантной вакцины от аллергии на пыльцу березы]

Birch pollen allergy is widespread in the world and it is the most important problem of public health. Allergy to birch pollen has various clinical manifestations: allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, asthma, food allergy, as well as severe life-threatening reactions such as anaphylaxis. The only pathogenetic method of treatment that changes the immune response to a causally significant allergen is allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT). The ASIT methods used today have a number of disadvantages: difficulties in standardizing allergens, the risk of adverse events and inconvenient treatment regimens. In recent decades, ASIT molecular strategies have been developed that may allow the development of a vaccine with a minimum of these disadvantages. The review presents novel ASIT molecular strategies and information on the development of an innovative recombinant vaccine for the treatment of birch pollen allergy and cross-food allergy caused by apple allergens. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.