Vitamin K2: known and unknown. Modern view: opportunities and prospects

Currently vitamin K2 is one of the most popular micronutrients among both researchers and practitioners. In addition to its well-known role in the synthesis of coagulation factors, vitamin K2 regulates the deposition of calcium in bone and soft tissues, protecting against the development of osteoporosis and vascular calcification. In recent years, more and more data have been accumulated on its participation in the regulation of key physiological and pathological processes in the body, such as cell division and differentiation, carbohydrate metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, etc. In this review, we analyze the sources of vitamin K2, the mechanisms of its action and influence on metabolism.