PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ETHNIC FACTORS LIMITING THE MINORITIES LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN NEW ZEALAND AND MEXICAN STATE OF QUINTANA ROO

The language space is an exceptional environment in a permanently changing state due to the influence of numerous shaping factors. Undoubtedly, one of the main reasons for transformations is the education system. The political course of countries implemented through this direction clearly shows a direct impact of innovations on the linguistic environment. Therefore, this article is devoted to the problem of language space reshaped by educational instruments. The main aim is to present two systems of education in New Zealand and the Mexican state of Quintana Roo as well as to compare the impact of their educational programs on the language space. The article presents various programs to promote the Mayan language in the Yucatan Peninsula and the Maori language in New Zealand. Currently, the linguistic situation in the state of Quintana Roo can be defined as bilingualism (Spanish-Maya). However, there are still some settlements of monolinguals (Maya). Regarding Mayan studies, the courses are offered at no charge at all state universities. But the language's popularization has appeared to be difficult due to the reluctance of the local community to learn the language without prospects for its further use. The amendments, being considered to the education law, requires the study of the Mayan language in primary schools as the base for the future advancements. Also, some innovations are under consideration now in the touristic sphere to motivate society to study. The language space in New Zealand is also bilingual based on the Kiwi English and Te Reo Maori ( the language of the indigenous tribe Maori). Nevertheless, the situation is more progressive than in Quintana Roo. The language of Maori was under threat of extinction by the 1980s as English covered almost all areas of life. Maori leaders initiated several programs to restore it, using the "Language Nest" (Kōhanga Reo) program for preschool children. This immersion in the language environment has proved its efficiency and revitalized Te Reo Maori together with the rise of tourist attention. The article uses descriptive, statistic and comparative methods of analysis. Results are presented in detailed tables of two linguistic systems' comparison.