The article presents material characterizing the process of interaction between the teacher and the student as the Central process of training, as the most important process of educational work in higher school. The authors revealed features of realization of interaction of the teacher and students in various forms of classroom and extracurricular activities; identified the basic conditions that affect the quality of interaction between teacher and students in teaching and educational work; identified the main professional-communicative skills of a teacher which are necessary for the solution of problems of personal development of students; the characteristic of the basic stages of interaction of the teacher and students in the educational process; highlights the shortcomings of the personal and professional character of the teacher that impede successful interaction with students in classroom and extracurricular work.