THE STUDY OF ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF OAK (QUÉRCUS RÓBUR) TO MOTOR TRANSPORT POLLUTIONS

The choice of tree species suitable for the creation of forest belts along highways, should be based on the study of adaptive capacity of plants to vehicle pollution. An integrated approach to the assessment of the condition of the trees of oak ( Quercus robur L. ) in ecosystems with various levels of contamination allowed to define this species as highly tolerant to the effects of vehicles and soluble salts, that incoming to the ecosystem when applying anti-icing reagents. The degree of contamination of the ecosystem were determined by the content heavy metals and soluble salts in the snow cover and soil, the content of heavy metals in dust deposited on leaves. It was shown that the content of total non-structural carbohydrates in the branches of the trees at the end of the vegetation period and the growth of the branches in contrast to the pollution of ecosystems was the same. Oak spring can carry medium degrees of sodium and calcium chloride soil salinity in spring. The accumulation of Na⁺ ions to 0.41±0.13 mg/g in leaves of trees on saline soils does not change the content of potassium. One of the mechanisms of adaptation of oak to salinization is the increase in the content of disaccharides fraction more than two times in compare to the trees on slightly saline soils.