ВЛИЯНИЕ ЗАЛЕЖНОЙ СУКЦЕССИИ НА СВОЙСТВА ПОЧВЕННОГО ПОКРОВА

INFLUENCE OF POST-AGROGENIC SUCCESSION ON THE PROPERTIES OF SOILS

A comparative analysis of the changes in the general properties of various types of soils (Sod-podzolic, Gray forest and Chernozems) was carried out in the course of their post-growth development. The succession chronographs of the postagenogenic soils were selected uniformly and included arable land, laylands abandoned and a natural (forest or steppe) cenosis. Geobotanical studies showed that after soil removal from agricultural use, the species composition, biodiversity increase and gradual recovery of climax communities characteristic for specific natural and climatic zones change. The maximum values of the total species richness were confined to deposits of 13-, 15- and 30-year-olds occupied by meadow vegetation. Along with the succession of phytocoenoses, an increase in the total carbon content in the former arable horizon of all the studied soil types is noted. However, when the natural and climatic zones change from north to south, the aforementioned trend is weakened in the row by Sod-podzolic soil - Gray forest soil - Chernozemsordinary. It is established that the self-healing of former arable soils significantly changes the enrichment of the organic matter with nitrogen. There is an increase in the ratio of C/N in the overgrowing of arable land on Sod-podzolic and Gray forest soils. When Chernozems overgrowth in the first 10-15 years, on the contrary, there is a significant decrease in this indicator. The tendency of acidity increase in Sod-podzolic and Gray forest soils after cessation of plowing has been revealed, which is the result of the rejection of agrochemical measures and the acidifying effect of decomposing plant litter. With the natural overgrowing of arable land on Chernozemordinary, on the contrary, there is a slight increase in pH during the post-aggrogenic succession.