PLA полиморфизм гена GP3A - новый прогностический фактор рака почки

PlA polymorphism of GP3A gene is a new prognostic factor of renal cancer

Introduction - Objectives. Cell adhesion molecules play an important role in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Glycoprotein IIIa gene (gp3A) encodes the beta chain of integrin receptor and contains Pl1llA (Leu33Pro) polymorphism. The authors have earlier investigated a role of GP3A polymorphism in prostate cancer and determined that the PlA2 polymorphism of gp3A gene increased the risk of prostate cancer development and invasion. The aim of the study was to examine an association of PlA polymorphism with sporadic RCC patients in the Moscow region. Material and methods. We determined the genotype of gp3A of 100 patients with RCC and 30 age-matched controls, by using polymerase chain reaction was used. Results. The distribution of PlA polymorphism in the Moscow population was 76% of PlA1/A1 allele, 22% of PlA1/A2 allele and 2% of PlA2/A2 allele. Sixty (60%) patients with RCC had PlA1/A1 allele, 33 (33%) had PlA1/ A2 allele and 4 (4%) had PlA2/A2 allele. The frequency of PlA1/A2 allele was significantly higher in RCC patients (33%) than in the population (22%) (p < 0,02). Analyzing the genotype subject to TNM stage in patients with localized cancer (T1-N0M), allele PlA1/A1 was determined in 27 (60%), PlA1/A2 in 15 (35,6%), and PLA1/A2 in 2 (4,4%). Among the patients with invasive cancer (T3-N0-M0), 23 (82,1%) and 5 (17,9%) had PLA1/A1 allele and PLA1/A2, respectively. Also, 13 (48%) patients of those with metastatic cancer had PLA1/A1; 12 (44,5%) and 2 (7,5%) had PLA1/A2 and PLA2/A2 alleles, respectively. As for the metastatic group, the frequency of PlA1/A2 genotype was significantly higher (44,5%) than that in the population (22%) (p = 0,02). The OR RCC development for PLA1/A2 genotype as compared to PlA1/A1 was 2,1 for localized cancer and 3,17 for the metastatic group. Conclusions. PlA2 polymorphism of gp3A gene increases the risk of RCC and metastasis. The course of RCC in patients carrying PlA2 polymorphism is characterized by a more rapid metastatic progression. Comparison of the results of the invasive and metastatic groups can lead to some conclusions. PlA2 polymorphism may be of more considerable importance in metastatic processes than in the development of RCC. The determination of PlA polymorphism seems to be a new predictor of RCC and it is useful and suitable for screening of high-risk patients.