Complex program «Surgery without blood» was developed and introduced into a broad clinical practice. The main elements of this program are stimulation of erythropoesis, preparing in aqutoserum and autoblood before surgery with acute normovolemic hemodilution method, precise surgical technique, reinfusion of blood from wound and drainages, adequate anesthesia and correction of hemostasis system. This program permits one to minimize infusion of donor's blood components in cardiosurgery, oncology, general surgery and reduce significantly transfusion of donor's blood components in urgent surgery. Rejection of of donor's blood components transfusion decreases number of postoperative complication and hospital stay, improves results of treatment and is cost-effective.