Comparative Analysis of Methods of Passive and Active Field Formation in Radiation Therapy With Carbon Ions

Comparative data on the irradiation of patients with cancer with beams of carbon ions using passive field-modification methods and an active method of dose formation are presented based on publications and our own data. Assessments are given on the physical and radiobiological features of the formation of active and passive fields, the immediate results of treatment, and doses outside the irradiation field for both methods are considered.