Telepharmacy: a modern solution for expanding access to pharmacy services

Telepharmacy is an innovative approach that utilizes telecommunication and technology to provide remote pharmacy services. It addresses the growing need for increased accessibility, convenience, and cost-effectiveness in healthcare. This chapter provides information about telepharmacy services, including medication therapy, chronic disease management, adherence monitoring, prescription drug monitoring, and emergency medication support, which are “online” community and hospital pharmacy services. Various telepharmacy models, such as hub and spoke, fully remote, hybrid, and collaborative care, employ communication networks, internet platforms, telepharmacy software, and regulatory compliance protocols are also included. Integration of artificial intelligence substantially enhances telepharmacy services with expectations to improve patient outcomes in underserved areas. However, challenges related to the quality of pharmaceuticals and pharmacy practice, licensure, reimbursement, legal compliance, regulatory compliance, and cybersecurity need careful consideration and effective management. Successful implementation of telepharmacy requires a comprehensive understanding of its benefits, limitations, and unique operational and technological requirements. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.